Iran Develops Artificial Trachea Using Patient's Own Stem Cells

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TEHRAN (FNA)- Head of Masih Daneshvari Hospital Ali Akbar Velayati announced that Iran has successfully developed a whole artificial trachea (windpipe) by using a patient's own stem cells.
The patient's own stem cells are used in this innovative trachea, a trick which has overcome many of the problems caused by existing techniques, Velayati said on the sidelines of a visit to FNA on Saturday.

Velayati further announced that this artificial trachea is designed to save the life of individuals who do not respond to existing treatments and surgeries.

Apart from patients with various respiratory diseases, chemically wounded veterans may also benefit from such tracheas.

Iranian scientists are scheduled to transplant the artificial trachea on a human in the coming month.

Elsewhere, Velayati praised the progresses made by Iran in transplantation and added, "Since the religious fatwa (decree) was issued for transplantation in the country we have succeeded in attaining self-sufficiency in a number of fields to join the club of superior countries in the region."

He added that Iran is now updated in kidney transplantation and has started liver transplantation since a few years ago.

Velayati stated that the country is also carrying out marrow transplantation for patients with blood cancer.

http://english.farsnews.net/newstext.php?nn=8810131099
 
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Iranians use stem cells to treat tinnitus

Sun, 03 Jan 2010 17:40:07 GMT
Iranians have successfully terminated the animal phase of the trial testing the efficacy of a new technique for treating tinnitus or ear ringing with the help of stem cells.

Iran is one of the countries with the highest number of individuals suffering from tinnitus in the world; the majority of these patients are war veterans and factory workers whose auditory system has been injured due to exposure to loud noise.

Hearing loss, ear trauma, ear infection, excess wax in the ear, drugs such as aspirin, aminoglycoside antibiotics and quinine, and diseases such as Meniere's disease and certain brain tumors are among the main causes of this condition.

Stem cells can help repair auditory cells damaged by loud noise in these individuals, said Hesamoldin Imam Jome, the head of the audiology department of Hazrat-e Rasoul Akram Hospital.

Imam Jome went on to say that the electrical tinnitus suppression device, already used as a temporary treatment for ringing in the ear, has been developed by Iranian scientists.


http://www.presstv.com/detail.aspx?id=115267&sectionid=3510210
 
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Cadmium Oxide Nanofibers Show Better Performance in Photovoltaic Cells

TEHRAN (FNA)- The Iranian researchers of Materials and Energy Research Center managed to produce nanofibers from cadmium oxide which look promising for application in gas sensors and photovoltaic cells.
Given the wide applications of cadmium oxide in gas sensors, photovoltaic cells, and transparent electrodes as well as higher specific surface area of nanostructures resulting from electrospinning process than other nanostructures, we decided to synthesize electrospun nanofibers of cadmium oxide and analyze their properties," Ali Mohammad Bazargan, the project researcher explained to the Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council.

"In this study, first a solution of precursors was prepared and left in a strong electric field leading to the synthesis of composite fibers comprising organic and mineral components. Then, these fibers underwent low temperature thermal treatment for organic portion to be decomposed and pure mineral nanofibers to remain," Bazargan added.

Afterwards, the researchers closely examined the structural and morphologic, physical and photonic properties of synthesized cadmium.

"The results showed that the unique properties of these nanofibers such as low diameter with even distribution, very long length, and interwoven nanofibrous structure together with high specific area could be promising for production of an efficient substance to be used in gas sensors and photovoltaic cells. These nanofibers could also find wide applications in semiconductor industry especially in optoelectronic devices and electromechanical nanosystems", Bazargan said.

http://english.farsnews.net/newstext.php?nn=8810091258
 
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New Method Presented for Synthesis, Growth of Carbon Nanotubes

TEHRAN (FNA)- Researchers at the Plasma Physics Research Center of Iran's Islamic Azad University devised a new method to improve the synthesis and growth of carbon nanotubes.
The new method has revealed a way to produce the nanotubes that have applications in manufacturing electron emitters and solid devices with high thermal conductivity.

Since 1991, along with the discovery of carbon nanotubes, researchers have always attempted to optimize their production and to utilize them in different industries.

Majid Mojtahedzadeh Larijani, one of the researchers, undertook this study with the aim of "Introducing a novel method for carbon nanotubes' growth specially on the beds with catalytic base by means of ionic bombardment".

"The bed used in this study was steel. First in the process, sub-layer underwent surface treatment by argon ionic bombardment of the surface at different ion energies and doses. Then, carbon nanotube growth on bombarded samples using hydrogen and steel gases was accomplished by TCVD method and finally samples were analyzed by TEM, SEM, AFM, and Raman spectroscopy devices," Mojtahedzadeh said in an interview with Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council, elaborating on the project.

The results showed that ion energy and dose in which sub-layer surface turns into fine grains are very appropriate for the growth of dense and adhesive carbon nanotubes.

"These nanotubes could be applied for manufacturing electron emitters and solid devices with high thermal conductivity in electronics industry," he added.
http://english.farsnews.net/newstext.php?nn=8810081139
 
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New Iron Aluminide Nanocomposite Developed for Auto, Aerospace Industries
TEHRAN (FNA)- Findings of a new study by Iranian scientists revealed a new nanocomposite based on Iron Aluminide with an ordered structure to be used in aerospace, auto and material production, involving high temperatures, industries.


The researchers at Isfahan University of Technology managed to produce (Fe,Ti)3Al-Al2O3 nanocomposite via mechanical alloying and perform essential characterizations.

"So far, no report has been published on the synthesis of such material in the world. When commercialized, the prepared nanocomposite can be used in aerospace, auto, material production involving high temperatures industries," Mehdi Rafiei, the researcher in chief, said to the INIC.

Using high energy ball-milling, the researchers succeeded in synthesizing (Fe,Ti)3Al-Al2O3 nanocomposite from powdery mixture of Fe-Al-TiO2.

Samples of such powder were ball milled for different durations and their morphological variations and their structures were investigated and characterized. Also, to study thermal behavior of the prepared powder, annealing operations were conducted at 900 oC which lasted for an hour.

The structural changes of powder particles during mechanical alloying were investigated by X-ray diffractometery. Morphology and microstructure of powder particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy.

It was found that during mechanical alloying Al first reacts with TiO2 leading to the gradual formation of crystalline Ti and amorphous Al2O3 phases.

http://english.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=8811070864
 
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