One more point about Sheikh Khaz'al (just read without anti-Arab sentiments - also note REZA Khan's Chivalry in dealing with his enemies - remember he even killed Davar and Teymour Tash, his strongest allies - the guy might have done all for love of Iran but the aim justified all methods and means - that is not sacred Iranian way of dealing with things - far from being a hero.) :
Conflict with Reza Khan
The palace of Sheikh Khaz'al in Fallahiyah
In 1921, realizing the threat posed by Reza Khan Mirpanj (Reza Shah), who had just staged a coup d'etat with Seyyed Zia'eddin Tabatabaee, Khaz'al proceeded to take steps in order to protect himself and his sheikhdom. He attempted to form an alliance with all the Bakhtiari, Lur, and Khamseh tribes, in order to prevent Reza Khan from gaining too much power. His ultimate aim was that through this tribal alliance the Zagros Mountains would become a nearly impenetrable barrier against the forces of the central government. However, the various tribal groups often clashed with each other and were unable to come to agreements, and his proposal failed.
Khaz'al then turned to the British for help, and this time presented himself as a defender of Islam and Shari'a (Islamic law) against Reza Khan's Iranian secularism. He claimed that his people had no ties to the people of Iran. He proposed that because of this background, it must keep Arabestat Arabs of Arabistan separated from Iran. Forced by Russian Bolshevik revolution to gain a powerfull dame against north neighbour, between Khaz'al and Reza Khan, the British completely supported Reza Shah. Afterward the Qajar dynasty subsequently collapsed, and Ahmad Shah was deposed.
Final years
Indifference from other Arab countries and betrayal at the hands of the British ultimately led Khaz'al help many of them like Kuwait to gain international recognition of their sheikhdom and to gather support for the separation of his territory from him. His effort, however, ended in failure. Prior to the rise of Reza Khan, Khaz'al had never attempted to resist Qajar Persia, to which he had maintained staunch loyalty.
In January 1925 Reza Khan sent his military commanders to the province to assert the authority of the provisional government in Tehran. An Imperial firman (executive order) was issued renaming Khuzestan instead of Arabistan, and Khaz'al lost his authority over the various tribes under his command.
A few weeks later in April, Reza Khan ordered one of his commanders, who had a friendly relationship with Khaz'al, to meet the Sheikh, ostensibly to convince him to journey to Tehran. The commander, General Fazlollah Zahedi, accompanied by several government officials, met with Khaz'al and spent an evening with him on board his yacht, anchored in the Shatt al-Arab river by his palace in the village of Fallahiyah near the city of Mohammerah.
Later that evening a gunboat, sent by Reza Khan, stealthily made its way next to the yacht, which was then immediately boarded by fifty Persian troops. The soldiers arrested Khaz'al and took him by motorboat down the river to Mohammerah, where a car was waiting to take him to the military base in Ahwaz. From there he was taken to Dezful, accompanied by his son, and then to the city of Khorramabad in Lorestan, and then eventually to Tehran.
Upon his arrival, Khaz'al was warmly greeted and well received by Reza Khan, who assured him that his problems would be quickly settled, and that in the meantime, he would be treated very well. However, many of his personal assets in Iran were quickly liquidated and his properties eventually came under the domain of the Imperial government after Reza Khan was crowned the new Shah. The sheikhdom was abolished and the provincial authority took full control of regional affairs.
Khaz'al spent the rest of his life under virtual house arrest, unable to travel beyond Tehran's city limits. He was able to retain ownership of his properties in Kuwait and Iraq, where he was exempted from taxation. He died in May 1936 while alone in his house, as earlier in the day his servants had been taken to court by the police. It is said that he did not die of natural causes, but that he was murdered by one of the guards stationed outside his house under direct orders from Reza Shah.
References
* Tarikh-e Pahnsad Saal-e Khuzestan (Five Hundred Year History of Khuzestan) by Ahmad Kasravi
* Jang-e Iran va Britannia dar Mohammerah (The Iran-British War in Mohammerah) by Ahmad Kasravi
* Tarikh-e Bist Saal-e Iran (Twenty Year History of Iran) by Hossein Maki (Tehran, 1945-47)
* Hayat-e Yahya (The Life of Yahya) by Yahya Dolatabadi (Tehran, 1948-52)
* Tarikh-e Ejtemai va Edari Doreieh Qajarieh (The Administrative and Social History of the Qajar Era) by Abdollah Mostofi (Tehran, 1945-49) ISBN 1-56859-041-5 (for the English translation)
* Amin al-Rayhani, Muluk al-Arab, aw Rihlah fi al-bilad al-Arabiah (in two volumes, 1924-25), Vol 2, part 6 on Kuwait.
* Ansari, Mostafa -- The History of Khuzistan, 1878-1925, unpublished PhD. dissertation, University of Chicago, 1974